Answer: A 

Explanation: 

Example 3-1 displays OSPF with a process ID of 1 and places all interfaces configured with 

an IP address in area 0. The network command.network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0.dictates that you do not care (255.255.255.255) what the IP address is, but if an IP 

address is enabled on any interface, place it in area 0. 

Example 3-1.Configuring OSPF in a Single Area 

router ospf 1 network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0 Reference: http://www.ciscopress.com/articles/article.asp?p=26919&seqNum=3 

Answer: A,C 

Explanation: 

Link State Routing Protocols http://www.ciscopress.com/articles/article.asp?p=24090&seqNum=4 

Link state protocols, sometimes called shortest path first or distributed database protocols, are built around a well-known algorithm from graph theory, E. W. Dijkstra'a shortest path algorithm. Examples of link state routing protocols are: Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) for IP The ISO's Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) for CLNS and IP DEC's DNA Phase V Novell's NetWare Link Services Protocol (NLSP) Although link state protocols are rightly considered more complex than distance vector protocols, the basic functionality is not complex at all: 

1. Each router establishes a relationship—an adjacency—with each of its neighbors. 

2. Each router sends link state advertisements (LSAs), some 

3. Each router stores a copy of all the LSAs it has seen in a database. If all works well, the databases in all routers should be identical. 

4. The completed topological database, also called the link state database, describes a graph of the internetwork. Using the Dijkstra algorithm, each router calculates the shortest path to each network and enters this information into the route table. 

Answer: A 

Explanation: 

Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) is a data link protocol commonly used in establishing a direct connection between two networking nodes. It can provide connection authentication, transmission encryption (using ECP, RFC 1968), and compression. 

Answer: C Explanation: 

The feasible condition states: 

“To qualify as a feasible successor, a router must have an AD less than the FD of the current successor route”. 

In this case, we see 10.1.2.2 shows an AD less than the current successor of 10.1.4.4 

Answer: B,C,D 

Explanation: 

The “network 192.168.12.64 0.0.0.63 equals to network 192.168.12.64/26. This network has:Increment: 64 (/26= 1111 1111.1111 1111.1111 1111.1100 0000)Network address: 

192.168.12.64 Broadcast address: 192.168.12.127Therefore all interface in the range of this network will join OSPF - B C D are correct. 

Answer: B 

Explanation: 

In order to be sufficiently versatile to be portable to a wide variety of environments, PPP provides a Link Control Protocol (LCP). The LCP is used to automatically agree upon the encapsulation format options, handle varying limits on sizes of packets, detect a looped-back link and other common misconfiguration errors, and terminate the link. Other optional facilities provided are authentication of the identity of its peer on the link, and determination when a link is functioning properly and when it is failing. 

Reference: Link Control Protocol 

http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1661.txt 

Answer: C 

Explanation: 

"Show interface pos8/0/0" command showing LMI enq sent which show frame-relay encapsulation enabled on this interface. Cisco supports three different Local Management Interface (LMI) types for Frame Relay: Cisco, ANSI Annex D, and Q933-A Annex A http://www.ciscopress.com/articles/article.asp?p=170741&seqNum=3 

Answer: C 

Explanation: 

Router has pointed default router to 192.168.4.1 and this subnet is connected via serial 2 interface. Router does not have router for the 192.0.2.156. so it will use the default gateway 

192.168.4.1. A default route identifies the gateway IP address to which the router sends all IP packets for which it does not have a learned or static route. 

Answer: D,E 

Explanation: 

It is a waste to administratively shut down the interface. Moreover, someone can still access the virtual terminal interfaces via other interfaces -> A is not correct. 

We can not physically secure a virtual interface because it is “virtual” -> B is not correct. 

To apply an access list to a virtual terminal interface we must use the “access-class” command. The “access-group” command is only used to apply an access list to a physical interface -> C is not correct; E is correct. 

The most simple way to secure the virtual terminal interface is to configure a username & password to prevent unauthorized login -> D is correct. 

Answer: B,D 

Explanation: 

Link State routing protocols, such as OSPF and IS-IS, converge more quickly than their distance vector routing protocols such as RIPv1, RIPv2, EIGRP and so on, through the use of flooding and triggered updates. In link state protocols, changes are flooded immediately and computed in parallel. Triggered updates improve convergence time by requiring routers to send an update message immediately upon learning of a route change. These updates are triggered by some event, such as a new link becoming available oor an existing link failing. The main drawbacks to link state routing protocols are the amount of CPU overhead involved in calculating route changes and memory resources that are required to store neighbor tables, route tables and a complete topology table. http://www.ciscopress.com/articles/article.asp?p=24090&seqNum=4