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NEW QUESTION 1
An insurance company has an online quoting system for insurance premiums. It allows potential customers to fill in certain details about their car and obtain a quote. During an investigation, the following patterns were detected:
Pattern 1 – Analysis of the logs identifies that insurance premium forms are being filled in but only single fields are incrementally being updated.
Pattern 2 – For every quote completed, a new customer number is created; due to legacy systems, customer numbers are running out.
Which of the following is the attack type the system is susceptible to, and what is the BEST way to defend against it? (Select TWO).
Answer: CF
Explanation:
A resource exhaustion attack involves tying up predetermined resources on a system, thereby making the resources unavailable to others.
Implementing an inline WAF would allow for protection from attacks, as well as log and alert admins to what's going on. Integrating in into SIEM allows for logs and other security-related documentation to be collected for analysis.
Incorrect Answers:
A: SIEM technology analyses security alerts generated by network hardware and applications. B: Cross site scripting attacks occur when malicious scripts are injected into otherwise trusted websites.
D: Traditional firewalls block or allow traffic. It is not, however, the best way to defend against a resource exhaustion attack.
E: A SQL injection attack occurs when the attacker makes use of a series of malicious SQL queries to directly influence the SQL database.
G: A distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack occurs when many compromised systems attack a single target. This results in denial of service for users of the targeted system.
H: Traditional firewalls block or allow traffic. It is not, however, the best way to defend against a resource exhaustion attack.
References:
http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/feature/Four-questions-to-ask-befoHYPERLINK "http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/feature/Four-questions-to-ask-before-buying-a-Webapplication- firewall"re-buying-a-Web-application-firewall
http://searchsecurity.techtarget.comHYPERLINK "http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/security-information-and-event-management- SIEM"/definition/security-information-and-event-management-SIEM https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_information_and_event_management
http:HYPERLINK "http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/distributed-denial-of-serviceattack"// searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definitHYPERLINK "http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/distributed-denial-of-serviceattack"
ion/distributed-denial-of-service-attack
Gregg, Michael, and Billy Haines, CASP CompTIA Advanced Security Practitioner Study Guide, John Wiley & Sons, Indianapolis, 2012, pp. 150, 153
NEW QUESTION 2
A user has a laptop configured with multiple operating system installations. The operating systems are all installed on a single SSD, but each has its own partition and logical volume. Which of the following is the BEST way to ensure confidentiality of individual operating system data?
Answer: A
Explanation:
In this question, we have multiple operating system installations on a single disk. Some operating systems store their boot loader in the MBR of the disk. However, some operating systems install their boot loader outside the MBR especially when multiple operating systems are installed. We need to encrypt as much data as possible but we cannot encrypt the boot loaders. This would prevent the operating systems from loading.
Therefore, the solution is to encrypt each individual partition separately. Incorrect Answers:
B: The question is asking for the BEST way to ensure confidentiality of individual operating system dat
A. Individual file encryption could work but if files are ever added to the operating systems (for updates etc.), you would have to manually encrypt the new files as well. A better solution would be to encrypt the entire partition. That way any new files added to the operating system would be automatically encrypted.
C: You cannot perform full disk encryption on an individual volume. Full disk encryption encrypts the entire disk.
D: FDE of the entire SSD as a single disk would encrypt the boot loaders which would prevent the operating systems from booting.
NEW QUESTION 3
ABC Company must achieve compliance for PCI and SOX. Which of the following would BEST allow the organization to achieve compliance and ensure security? (Select THREE).
Answer: BDF
Explanation:
Payment card industry (PCI) compliance is adherence to a set of specific security standards that were
developed to protect card information during and after a financial transaction. PCI compliance is required by all card brands.
There are six main requirements for PCI compliance. The vendor must: Build and maintain a secure network
Protect cardholder data
Maintain a vulnerability management program Implement strong access control measures Regularly monitor and test networks Maintain an information security policy
To achieve PCI and SOX compliance you should:
Establish a list of devices that must meet each regulation. List all the devices that contain the sensitive data.
Compartmentalize the network. Compartmentalize the devices that contain the sensitive data to form a security boundary.
Apply technical controls to meet compliance with the regulation. Secure the data as required. Incorrect Answers:
A: It is not necessary to establish a list of users that must work with each regulation. All users should be trained to manage sensitive dat
A. However, PCI and SOX compliance is more about the security of the data on the computers that contain the data.
C: Central management of all devices on the network makes device management easier for administrators. However, it is not a requirement for PCI and SOX compliance.
E: A company framework is typically related to the structure of employee roles and departments. It is not a requirement for PCI and SOX compliance.
References:
http://searchcompliance.techtarget.com/definition/PCI-compliaHYPERLINK "http://searchcompliance.techtarget.com/definition/PCI-compliance"nce
NEW QUESTION 4
The IT Security Analyst for a small organization is working on a customer’s system and identifies a
possible intrusion in a database that contains PII. Since PII is involved, the analyst wants to get the issue addressed as soon as possible. Which of the following is the FIRST step the analyst should take in mitigating the impact of the potential intrusion?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The database contains PII (personally identifiable information) so the natural response is to want to get the issue addressed as soon as possible. However, in this question we have an IT Security Analyst working on a customer’s system. Therefore, this IT Security Analyst does not know what the customer’s incident response process is. In this case, the IT Security Analyst should refer the issue to company management so they can handle the issue (with your help if required) according to their incident response procedures.
Incorrect Answers:
A: Contacting the local authorities so an investigation can be started as quickly as possible would not be the first step. Apart from the fact an investigation could take any amount of time; this action does nothing to actually stop the unauthorized access.
B: Shutting down the production network interfaces on the server and changing all of the DBMS account passwords may be a step in the company’s incident response procedure. However, as the IT Security Analyst does not know what the customer’s incident response process is, he should notify management so they can make that decision.
C: Disabling the front-end web server may or may not stop the unauthorized access to the database server. However, taking a company web server offline may have a damaging impact on the company so the IT Security Analyst should not make that decision without consulting the management. Using email to determine how the customer would like to proceed is not appropriate method of communication. For something this urgent, a face-to-face meeting or at least a phone call would be more appropriate.
NEW QUESTION 5
An organization is in the process of integrating its operational technology and information technology areas. As part of the integration, some of the cultural aspects it would like to see include more efficient use of resources during change windows, better protection of critical infrastructure, and the ability to respond to incidents. The following observations have been identified:
The ICS supplier has specified that any software installed will result in lack of support.
There is no documented trust boundary defined between the SCADA and corporate networks.
Operational technology staff have to manage the SCADA equipment via the engineering workstation. There is a lack of understanding of what is within the SCADA network.
Which of the following capabilities would BEST improve the security position?
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 6
An organization is selecting a SaaS provider to replace its legacy, in house Customer Resource Management (CRM) application. Which of the following ensures the organization mitigates the risk of managing separate user credentials?
Answer: E
Explanation:
A SaaS application that has a federation server within the customer's network that interfaces with the customer's own enterprise user-directory service can provide single sign-on authentication. This federation server has a trust relationship with a corresponding federation server located within the SaaS provider's network.
Single sign-on will mitigate the risk of managing separate user credentials. Incorrect Answers:
A: Dual factor authentication will provide identification of users via a combination of two different components. It will not, however, mitigate the risk of managing separate user credentials.
B: The transmission and storage of encrypted passwords will not mitigate the risk of managing separate user credentials.
C: A hash file is a file that has been converted into a numerical string by a mathematical algorithm, and has to be unencrypted with a hash key to be understood. It will not, however, mitigate the risk of managing separate user credentials.
D: Role-based access control (RBAC) refers to the restriction of system access to authorized users. It will not, however, mitigate the risk of managing separate user credentials.
References:
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa905332.aspx https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-factor_authentication https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encryption http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-hash-files.htm https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Role-based_access_control
NEW QUESTION 7
As part of an organization’s compliance program, administrators must complete a hardening checklist and note any potential improvements. The process of noting improvements in the checklist is MOST likely driven by:
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 8
Company A has noticed abnormal behavior targeting their SQL server on the network from a rogue IP
address. The company uses the following internal IP address ranges: 192.10.1.0/24 for the corporate site and 192.10.2.0/24 for the remote site. The Telco router interface uses the 192.10.5.0/30 IP range.
Instructions: Click on the simulation button to refer to the Network Diagram for Company A. Click on Router 1, Router 2, and the Firewall to evaluate and configure each device.
Task 1: Display and examine the logs and status of Router 1, Router 2, and Firewall interfaces.
Task 2: Reconfigure the appropriate devices to prevent the attacks from continuing to target the SQL server and other servers on the corporate network.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 9
A business is growing and starting to branch out into other locations. In anticipation of opening an office in a different country, the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) and legal team agree they need to meet the following criteria regarding data to open the new office:
Store taxation-related documents for five years Store customer addresses in an encrypted format Destroy customer information after one year Keep data only in the customer’s home country
Which of the following should the CISO implement to BEST meet these requirements? (Choose three.)
Answer: BCH
NEW QUESTION 10
A multi-national company has a highly mobile workforce and minimal IT infrastructure. The company utilizes a BYOD and social media policy to integrate presence technology into global collaboration tools by individuals and teams. As a result of the dispersed employees and frequent international travel, the company is concerned about the safety of employees and their families when moving in and out of certain countries. Which of the following could the company view as a downside of using presence technology?
Answer: C
Explanation:
If all company users worked in the same office with one corporate network and using company supplied laptops, then it is easy to implement all sorts of physical security controls. Examples of physical security include intrusion detection systems, fire protection systems, surveillance cameras or simply a lock on the office door.
However, in this question we have dispersed employees using their own devices and frequently traveling internationally. This makes it extremely difficult to implement any kind of physical security. Physical security is the protection of personnel, hardware, programs, networks, and data from physical circumstances and events that could cause serious losses or damage to an enterprise,
agency, or institution. This includes protection from fire, natural disasters, burglary, theft, vandalism, and terrorism.
Incorrect Answers:
A: An insider threat is a malicious hacker (also called a cracker or a black hat) who is an employee or officer of a business, institution, or agency. Dispersed employees using presence technology does not increase the risk of insider threat when compared to employees working together in an office.
B: The risk of network reconnaissance is reduced by having dispersed employees using presence technology. The risk of network reconnaissance would be higher with employees working together in a single location such as an office.
D: Industrial espionage is a threat to any business whose livelihood depends on information. However, this threat is not increased by having dispersed employees using presence technology. The risk would be the same with dispersed employees using presence technology or employees working together in a single location such as an office.
References: http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/deHYPERLINK
"http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/physical-security"finition/physical-security
NEW QUESTION 11
ABC Corporation has introduced token-based authentication to system administrators due to the risk of password compromise. The tokens have a set of HMAC counter-based codes and are valid until they are used. Which of the following types of authentication mechanisms does this statement describe?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The question states that the HMAC counter-based codes and are valid until they are used. These are “one-time” use codes.
HOTP is an HMAC-based one-time password (OTP) algorithm.
HOTP can be used to authenticate a user in a system via an authentication server. Also, if some more steps are carried out (the server calculates subsequent OTP value and sends/displays it to the user who checks it against subsequent OTP value calculated by his token), the user can also authenticate the validation server.
Both hardware and software tokens are available from various vendors. Hardware tokens implementing OATH HOTP tend to be significantly cheaper than their competitors based on proprietary algorithms. Some products can be used for strong passwords as well as OATH HOTP. Software tokens are available for (nearly) all major mobile/smartphone platforms.
Incorrect Answers:
A: TOTP is Time-based One-time Password. This is similar to the one-time password system used in this question. However, TOTPs expire after a period of time. In this question, the passwords (codes) expire after first use regardless of the timing of the first use.
B: PAP (Password Authentication Protocol) is a simple authentication protocol in which the user name and password is sent to a remote access server in a plaintext (unencrypted) form. PAP is not what is described in this question.
C: CHAP (Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol) is an authentication protocol that provides protection against replay attacks by the peer through the use of an incrementally changing identifier and of a variable challenge-value. CHAP requires that both the client and server know the plaintext of the secret, although it is never sent over the network. CHAP is not what is described in this question.
References:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMAC-based_One-time_HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMAC-based_One-time_Password_Algorithm"Password_Algorithm
NEW QUESTION 12
The administrator is troubleshooting availability issues on an FCoE-based storage array that uses deduplication. The single controller in the storage array has failed, so the administrator wants to move the drives to a storage array from a different manufacturer in order to access the data. Whichof the following issues may potentially occur?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Fibre Channel over Ethernet (FCoE) is a computer network technology that encapsulates Fibre Channel frames over Ethernet networks. This allows Fibre Channel to use 10 Gigabit Ethernet networks (or higher speeds) while preserving the Fibre Channel protocol.
When moving the disks to another storage array, you need to ensure that the array supports FCoE, not just regular Fiber Channel. Fiber Channel arrays and Fiber Channel over Ethernet arrays use different network connections, hardware and protocols. Fiber Channel arrays use the Fiber Channel protocol over a dedicated Fiber Channel network whereas FCoE arrays use the Fiber Channel
protocol over an Ethernet network. Incorrect Answers:
A: It is unlikely that the data will not be in a usable format. Fiber Channel LUNs appear as local disks on a Windows computer. The computer then creates an NTFS volume on the fiber channel LUN. The storage array does not see the NTFS file system or the data stored on it. FCoE arrays only see the underlying block level storage.
C: The data would not need a file system check. FCoE arrays use block level storage and do not check the file system. Any file system checks would be performed by a Windows computer. Even if this happened, the data would be accessible after the check.
D: The new storage array also having a single controller would not be a problem. Only one controller is required.
References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibre_HYPERLINK
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibre_Channel_over_Ethernet"Channel_over_Ethernet
NEW QUESTION 13
A security analyst has been asked to create a list of external IT security concerns, which are applicable to the organization. The intent is to show the different types of external actors, their attack vectors, and the types of vulnerabilities that would cause business impact. The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) will then present this list to the board to request funding for controls in areas that have insufficient coverage.
Which of the following exercise types should the analyst perform?
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 14
DRAG DROP
A security administrator must configure the database server shown below the comply with the four requirements listed. Drag and drop the appropriate ACL that should be configured on the database server to its corresponding requirement. Answer options may be used once or not at all.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 15
A security consultant is conducting a network assessment and wishes to discover any legacy backup Internet connections the network may have. Where would the consultant find this information and why would it be valuable?
Answer: A
Explanation:
A routing table is a set of rules, often viewed in table format that is used to determine where data packets traveling over an Internet Protocol (IP) network will be directed. All IP-enabled devices, including routers and switches, use routing tables. Each packet contains information about its origin and destination. When a packet is received, a network device examines the packet and matches it to the routing table entry providing the best match for its destination. The table then provides the device with instructions for sending the packet to the next hop on its route across the network. Thus the security consultant can use the global routing table to get the appropriate information.
Incorrect Answers:
B: Calling the regional Internet registry will not provide you with the correct information.
C: The telecom billing information will not have information as to whether the legacy backup may have Internet connections on the network.
D: DNS server queries are used to resolve the name with each query message containing a DNS domain name, a specified query type and a specified class. This is not what the security consultant requires.
References:
https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/HYPERLINK "https://technet.microsoft.com/enus/ library/cc958823.aspx"library/cc958823.aspx
Gregg, Michael, and Billy Haines, CASP CompTIA Advanced Security Practitioner Study Guide, John Wiley & Sons, Indianapolis, 2012, pp. 60-66
NEW QUESTION 16
A company sales manager received a memo from the company’s financial department which stated that the company would not be putting its software products through the same security testing as previous years to reduce the research and development cost by 20 percent for the upcoming year. The memo also stated that the marketing material and service level agreement for each product would remain unchanged. The sales manager has reviewed the sales goals for the upcoming year and identified an increased target across the software products that will be affected by the financial department’s change. All software products will continue to go through new development in the coming year. Which of the following should the sales manager do to ensure the company stays out of trouble?
Answer: B
Explanation:
To ensure that the company stays out of trouble, the sales manager should enquire about the legal ramifications of the change by consulting with the company’s legal department, particularly as the marketing material is not being amended.
Incorrect Answers:
A: The software product's user groups would not have insight on the legal ramifications of the change by the company, and they might not have knowledge of the service-level agreements or any contracts that the company has with other customers.
C: The sales manager does not have additional background information to provide.
D: Legal information pertaining to internal operations should be obtained from the company’s legal department.
NEW QUESTION 17
A company decides to purchase commercially available software packages. This can introduce new security risks to the network. Which of the following is the BEST description of why this is true?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Commercially available software packages are often widely available. Huge companies like Microsoft develop software packages that are widely available and in use on most computers. Most companies that develop commercial software make their software available through many commercial outlets (computer stores, online stores etc).
Information concerning vulnerabilities is often kept internal to the company that developed the software. The large companies that develop commercial software packages are accountable for the software. Information concerning vulnerabilities being made available could have a huge financial cost to the company in terms of loss of reputation and lost revenues. Information concerning vulnerabilities is often kept internal to the company at least until a patch is available to fix the vulnerability.
Incorrect Answers:
A: It is true that commercially available software packages are typically well known and widely available. However, it is not true that information concerning vulnerabilities and viable attack patterns are never revealed by the developer to avoid lawsuits. Information concerning vulnerabilities is often kept quiet at first but the information is usually made available when a patch is released to fix the vulnerability.
C: It is not true that commercially available software packages are not widespread and are only available in limited areas.
D: It is true that commercially available software packages are typically well known and widely available. However, it is not true that information concerning vulnerabilities and viable attack patterns are always shared within the IT community. This information is often kept internal to the company that developed the software until a patch is available.
NEW QUESTION 18
A security administrator is performing VDI traffic data collection on a virtual server which migrates from one host to another. While reviewing the data collected by the protocol analyzer, the security administrator notices that sensitive data is present in the packet capture. Which of the following should the security administrator recommend to ensure the confidentiality of sensitive information during live VM migration, while minimizing latency issues?
Answer: A
Explanation:
VDI virtual machines can be migrated across physical hosts while the virtual machines are still powered on. In VMware, this is called vMotion. In Microsoft Hyper-V, this is called Live Migration. When a virtual machine is migrated between hosts, the data is unencrypted as it travels across the network. To prevent access to the data as it travels across the network, a dedicated network should be created for virtual machine migrations. The dedicated migration network should only be accessible by the virtual machine hosts to maximize security.
Incorrect Answers:
B: Database record encryption is used for encrypting database records only. This question does not state that the only sensitive data is database records. The data is at risk as it travels across the network when virtual machines are migrated between hosts. Data is unencrypted when it is transmitted over the network.
C: Full disk encryption is a good idea to secure data stored on disk. However, the data is unencrypted when it is transmitted over the network.
D: The sensitive data is on the VDI virtual machines. Storing the sensitive information on an isolated fiber channel network would make the information inaccessible from the virtual machines.
NEW QUESTION 19
A system worth $100,000 has an exposure factor of eight percent and an ARO of four. Which of the following figures is the system’s SLE?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Single Loss Expectancy (SLE) is mathematically expressed as: Asset value (AV) x Exposure Factor (EF) SLE = AV x EF = $100 000 x 8% = $ 8 000
References: http://www.financeformulas.net/Return_on_Investment.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk_assessment
NEW QUESTION 20
An organization has recently deployed an EDR solution across its laptops, desktops, and server infrastructure. The organization’s server infrastructure is deployed in an IaaS environment. A database within the non-production environment has been misconfigured with a routable IP and is communicating with a command and control server.
Which of the following procedures should the security responder apply to the situation? (Choose two.)
Answer: BF
NEW QUESTION 21
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